ISO 12199:2000 pdf download
ISO 12199:2000 pdf download.Alphabetical ordering of multilingual terminological and lexicographical datarepresented in the Latin alphabet.
A.2 Multiple-key ordering
Single-key ordering is described in the main body of this International Standard. In multiple-key ordering, all the ordering rules are applied to one key before they are applied to the next, until all the keys have been considered or a unique sequence has been established.
NOTE One typical example of multiple-key ordering is a list of delegates to a meeting, where the first key may be the country names, the second key may be the delegates’ last names, and the third key may be the delegates’ first names. In this example. if a country has one delegate only, the second key (last names) will not be considered.
A.3 Word-by-word ordering as multiple-key ordering
In word-by-word ordering, space characters, and possibly also by definition other characters, are key separators. The key-separator characters function as key separators only, and they have no position in the ordering sequence.
When the character string has been divided into a sequence of keys, the ordering rules of the main body of this International Standard are invoked for one key at a time.
NOTE 1 In addition to the space characters, some or all punctuation marks may be defined as key separators. It may also be useful to define some space characters as key separators, while other space characters remain special characters within a key. The choices wiN depend on language(s) and type of strings to be ordered.
NOTE 2 if space characters and hyphens are defined as key separators, the title of this clause would be split into the following keys:
B.1 Background
For lexicographical and terminological applications,it may sometimes be desirable to add additional orderingcriteria to the rules that are described in the main body of this International Standard.
The features that are described in this annex cannot easily be described in the formalism given in ISO/EC 1465
B.2Position relative to baseline
lt may be desirable to distinguish, for example, m2, m2, mp for ordering purposes. If this is deemed necessary, it isrecommended that this be done on the third ordering level (see clause 7) combined with capitalization.
The ordering value of any given character based on its position relative to the baseline may be determited according to Table B.1.
C.1 Background
There are no universally accepted ordering rules for chemical names. The ordering rules of the main body of this International Standard may be used, if so desired with the extension of the word-by-word ordenng rules described in annex A.
However, some indexes and databases, in particular at the Chemical Abstracts Services (GAS), use a specially designed multiple-key ordenng system. The main features of this system are outlined below.2)
C.2 Division into three keys
C.2.1 Parent name
The first key consists of the parent name, which normally will be all roman letters and space characters, whether or not interrupted by italic letters, Greek letters, digits or special characters (e.g. punctuation).
C.2.2 Initial locants
The second key consists of initial locants, being all characters before the first roman letter.
C.2.3 Other locants
The third key consists of all non-initial locants, being all remaining characters.
NOTE The name 2-Butanone-1,1,1-4 3,3-dimethyr is divided into three keys as follows:
C.3 Ordering rules within each key
The first key is ordered according to the rules of the main body of this International Standard. In the second and third keys, the following order is used:
— letters of the Latin alphabet (which will be in italic), in the order specified in 5.2, item b);
— letter of the Greek alphabet, in the order given fri 5.2, item c);
— numerals, in the order of the numeric value.
C.4 Output
Table C.1 shows ordered output from the rules that are described in this annex compared with output from the rules of the main body of this International Standard.
