API MPMS 5.1:2005 pdf download
API MPMS 5.1:2005 pdf download.Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 5—Metering Section 1 General Considerations for Measurement by Meters.
h. Accumulation of internal deposits can affect accuracy
i. Sizes larger than six inches are not typically used for volumetric custody transfer applications.
j. Sometimes difficult to prove due to time lag of manufactured pulse output
k. Meter requires periodic re-zeroing under pressure, with no flow.
I. Needs hack pressure control.
m. High pressure drop
5.1.7 Installation
Meters shall he installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions and shall not he suhjected to piping strain and vibration beyond their recommended limits. Flow conditioning is required for all turbine meters, hut is not required for displacement meters and most Coriolis meters.
5.1.7.1 VALVES
5.1.7.1.1 If a bypass is permitted around a meter or a battery of meters, it should he provided with a blind or positive- shutoff double block-and-bleed valve with a telltale bleed.
5.1.7.1.2 In general, all valves, especially spring-loaded or self-closing valves, should be designed so that they will not admit air when they are subjected to vacuum conditions.
5.1 .7.1 .3 Valves for intermittent flow control should he fast acting and shock free to minimize the adverse effects of starting and stopping liquid movement.
5.1.7.1.4 A flow-limiting device, such as a flow rate control valve or a restricting orifice, should preferably he installed downstream of the meter and prover. The device should he selected or adjusted so that sufficient pressure will he maintained to prevent vaporization. An alarm may he desirable to signal that flow rates have fallen below the design minimum. If a pressure-reducing device, or other restrictive device (e.g., check valve, isolating butterfly valve, etc.) is used on the inlet side of the meter, it shall be installed as far upstream of the meter as possible. The device shall he installed so that sufficient pressure will he maintained on the outlet side of the meter installation to prevent any vaporization of the metered liquid.
5.1.7.1.5 A hack-pressure valve may he required to maintain the pressure on the meter and the prover above the fluid vapor pressure. In general, displacement meters do not accelerate Iluid velocity and are not normally subject to the resulting pressure reduction that can cause vaporization (cavitation) in other types of meters.
5.1.7.2 PIPING INSTALLATION
5.1.7.2.1 Meters are normally installed in a horizontal position. The manufacturer shall be consulted if space limitations dictate a different position. For example, Coriolis meters are sometimes installed vertically.
5.1 .7.2.2 Where the flow range is too great for any one meter, where shutting down the metering system is impractical, or where frequent service is needed, a bank of meters may he installed in parallel. Each meter in the hank shall he operated within its minimum and maximum flow rates. A means shall he provided to balance flow through each meter.
5.1.7.2.3 Meters should be installed and operated to have a maximum, dependable service life. This may require that protective devices be installed to remove from the liquid abrasives or other entrained substances which could stop the metering mechanism or cause premature wear. Strainers, filters, sediment traps, settling tanks, water separators, a combination of these items, or any other suitable devices, can be used. They should he properly sized and installed to not adversely affect the operation of the meter or the overall system. Protective devices may he installed singly or in an interchangeable battery, depending on the importance of continuous service. Monitoring devices should he installed to determine when the protective device needs to he cleaned.
5.1.7.2.4 Meters shall he installed and operated to perform satisfactorily within the viscosity, pressure, temperature, and flow ranges that will he encountered.
5.1.7.2.5 Meters shall he adequately protected from pressure pulsations, from excessive flow surges and from excessive pressure caused by thermal expansion of the liquid. This kind of protection may require the installation of surge tanks, expansion chambers, pressure-limiting valves, relief valves, or other protective devices. When pressure relief valves are located between the meter and the prover, a means of detecting leakage from the valves shall he provided.
5.1 .7.2.6 Any condition that contrihutes to the release of vapor from the liquid stream shall he avoided through suitable system design and through operation of the meter and prover within the flow range specified by the manufacturer.
