UL 2991-2016 pdf download

UL 2991-2016 pdf download.Standard for Sustainability of Absorbent.
1.1 UL 2991 is designed to reduce environmental impacts by specifying criteria for safer chemicals and materials, use of recycled and recyclable materials, and minimizing pollution generated by the production, use and disposal of these products and their packaging.
1 .2 This standard was developed using a multi-attribute approach that identifies the most important environmental indicators from all stages of the product’s life cycle.
2.1 UL 2991 includes disposable absorbents made from either natural or synthetic materials and fibers, designed and used primarily for cleaning or for targeted absorbency tasks. including those used for industrial. institutional, household cleansing and technical applications.
2.2 For each of these environmental indicators identified, criteria have been devised with the goal to identify the top overall environmental performers on the market. These best performers have demonstrated that, compared to others on the market, they have an overall reduced potential burden on the environment per unit of production.
2.3 The criteria focus on the following main issues:
a) Toxicity to human, aquatic and mammalian life;
b) Noxious emissions to water: and
c) Packaging. 3 Units of Measurement
3.1 For the purposes of these requirements. values shall be reported in accordance with the requirements of the specific criteria and shall be in metric units. If a manufacturer’s choice of units deviates, that change shall be documented and justified as to the reason and relevance for that change.
6.1.7 The absorbent must not be formulated with ingredients considered toxic under GHS “Specific Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Repeated Exposure” (UN, 2007) for 90-day exposures:
6.1.8 6.1.8 The absorbent shall demonstrate low aquatic toxicity and have an LC5O not lower than 1000 mg/I. The use of pre-existing toxicity information is required where such information exists. Where aquatic toxicity data is available for individual ingredients. same can be used to calculate the aquatic toxicity of the product. In lieu of such data. one of the following test methods can be used:
a) 821-R-02-014. Short-Term Methods for Estimating the Chronic Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to West Coast Marine and Estuarine Organisms, US Environmental
Protection Agency, 2002;
b) Report EPS 1RM/22. Biological Test Method: Test of Larval Growth and Survival Using Fathead Minnows, Environment Canada. 2011:
C) Report OECD-203, Fish, Acute Toxicity Test, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 1992:
d) ISO 7346-2, Water quality — Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a fresh water fish. 1996;
e) CCR Title 22 Fathead Minnow Hazardous Waste Screen Bioassay (Polisini & Miller 1988); or
f) Data from other aquatic toxicity tests that has been evaluated and determined to be acceptable.
7 Packaging and Labeling
7.1 Primary and secondary packaging which includes, in the package itself or in any of its packaging components, inks, dyes. pigments, adhesives, stabilizers or any other additives, shall not contain any lead, cadmium. mercury or hexavalent chromium which has been intentionally introduced as an element during manufacturing or distribution as opposed to the incidental presence of any of these elements. Regardless of the source, the sum of the concentration levels of lead, cadmium. mercury and hexavalent chromium present in any package or packaging component shall not exceed 100 parts per million by weight (0.01%).
7.2 If primary or secondary packaging is plastic. the primary or secondary packaging must:
a) Be made from plastic resin codes 1, 2, 4 and/or 5 (as defined in ASTM D761 1 D761 1 M – 10 Standard Practice for Coding Plastic Manufactured Articles for Resin Identification) and be clearly marked with such resin code; or
b) Be made of compostable plastic (and clearly marked as such); or
c) Represent a refillable or source-reduced package; or
d) Have been designed to have a useful “second life” (reuse capability), with such second life supported by verifiable marketing in that regard: or
e) Contain a minimum post-consumer content of 25%.